2015年职称英语考试综合类每日一练(1月6日)

单项选择题
1、The nursery is bright and cheerful.
A．pleasant
B．clean
C．peaceful
D．large

2、She was grateful to him for being so good to her.
A．careful
B．hateful
C．beautiful
D．thankful

3、They didn't realize how serious the problem was.
A．know
B．forget
C．doubt
D．remember

4、阅读材料，回答题。
High Blood Pressure
There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is，in part，a familial disease．Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment，familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences，to shared environmental factors，or to both．For some years，the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families，namely dietary salt，has been studied at Brook—haven National Laboratory．These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion(摄取)can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals．Some individuals，however，and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure．No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments，some salt-fed animals never develop hypertension(高血压)whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertensions followed by early death．These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution．
By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion，a resistant strain(the R strain)has been evolved in which consumPtion of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly．In contrast，by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt，a sensitive strain(the S strain)has also been developed．
The availability of these two strains permits investigations not therefore possible．They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human developing methods by which genetic susceptibility(敏感性)of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance．
The main idea of this passage is__________．
A．Genetic constitution，or hereditary factor is all important factor that may underlie hypertension
B．Excessive use of salt may cause high blood pressure
C．Shared environmental factors may lead to familial disease
D．There are two different kinds of strains in animals which cause their different reactions to excess salt ingestion

5、阅读材料，回答题。
 Breakfast
 Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn't take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well .Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip ( 故意略去 ) breakfast.
 If we don't eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.
 People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn't a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.
 A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber ( 纤维) . Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆) . Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits.A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.
Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned

6、阅读材料，回答题。
Step Back in Time
 Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, she can live until at least 80.
 One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again. And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
 But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits, let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.
 Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didn't live long.Children suffered from lots of diseases, especially tickets (佝偻病 ) and scurvy ( 坏血病) , which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
 Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string, because there was no room for them to lie down.
 People didn't have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板 ) , blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.
 Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks ( 火柴杆) ( a job done by many children ) or working with your dad by now.
16. On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned

7、 Gambling is lawful in Nevada.
A．popular
B．booming
C．legal
D．profitable

8、阅读短文，回答题。
（A） With Only About 1,000 Pandas Left in the World
1　With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That's a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah's Ark”.
2　Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A&M's College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo （胚胎）transfer work and related procedures, says he salutes the Chinese effort and “I wish them all the best success possible. It's a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and it's very much like what we're attempting here at Texas A&M—to save animals from extinction. ”
3　Noah's Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos, semen （精子）and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
4　It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming  extinct in the next 25 years.
5　This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
6　The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
7　“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and it's difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort," adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&M, the first ever attempt at cloning a dog.
8   “They are trying to do something that's never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah's Ark. We're both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and there's a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It's a research that is very much needed. ”
词汇提示：
desperately adv.极度地，拼命地
desperately adv.极度地，拼命地salute    v.赞扬，颂扬
nitrogen    n.氮
reptile    n.爬行动物
extinct    adj.灭绝的
The aim of "Noah's Ark” project is to_______.

A．implant embryo into a host animal
B．salute the Chinese efforts in saving pandas
C．save endangered animals from extinction
D．introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit

9、Their parents once lived under very severe conditions.
A．sound
B．hard
C．strict
D．tight

10、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.
A．secrets
B．details
C．benefits
D．words

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